Can a single mother or father perform a child’s saṃskāras alone?

yes — a single parent can sit for the saṅkalpa and perform naming, first rice, mundan and other rites.

Many rites are traditionally done by a couple, but the śāstras and priests have always made provision for widowed, separated or single parents. The parent who is raising the child takes the saṅkalpa in their own name, and the rite is complete. In some regions a grandparent, uncle or aunt joins for specific steps, such as holding the child during the mundan, but this is a support, not a requirement.

For nāmakaraṇa, annaprāśana, karṇavedha or the start of learning (vidyārambha), a single mother or father can do everything with a priest’s guidance, or even with a simple family version at home. Do not let anyone make you feel the ceremony is incomplete.

What a child needs is a loving home and blessings. Invite people who support you, and make the day joyful.

Source: common priestly practice

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